During the golden age of antibiotic discovery, Actinomycetes demonstrated legendary capacity in order to create biologically functionable products. Gram-positive filamentous bacteria that are part of the order Actinomycetales and fall under division Actinobacteria, are respected for producing 75% of the antimicrobial drugs. Numerous bioactive secondary metabolites with intriguing abilities such as antibacterial, antiviral and antitumoral, immunosuppressants have been made available by actinomycetes. Filamentous actinomycetes like Streptomyces species have a significant economic and medical importance since 1950’s. The natural occurrence of actinomycetes has the potential to generate metabolites that can lead to the discovery of antimicrobials which favours antibiotics for strains with Pan-drug resistance (PDR) resistance. While looking for new antibiotics, actinomycete continues to be a gold mine. Contemporary genetical studies add power to research for the identification and isolation of bioactive actinomycetes. Among rare actinomycetes, including new species of formerly documented actinomycetes and cutting-edge molecular tools, access to substantial new sources of chemical variety is anticipated. This study extensively reviews the diversity and various bioactive molecules of actinomycetes.
Aiswarya et al. (Thu,) studied this question.