The human microbiome, the complex community of microorganisms residing in and on the human body, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Emerging evidence suggests a profound impact of the microbiome on hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell formation, and its dysregulation in various blood disorders. This review explores the intricate interplay between the gut microbiome and hematopoiesis, highlighting the mechanisms through which the microbiome influences hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function, immune cell development, and erythropoiesis. We discuss the mounting evidence linking alterations in the microbiome composition (dysbiosis) with an increased susceptibility to hematological malignancies, including leukemia and lymphoma, as well as autoimmune disorders like immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Further, we delve into the therapeutic potential of modulating the microbiome through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and prebiotics/probiotics in ameliorating blood disorders. Understanding the complex interactions between the microbiome and hematopoiesis opens new avenues for developing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for a wide range of blood disorders.
OKECHUKWU CHIDOLUO VITUS (Sat,) studied this question.