Integrated spatial planning in function of systems approach to solving of the problem of climate protection in Serbia

Climate change is one of the most serious challenges facing the modern world. The increase in average temperatures, the intensification of extreme weather events and the associated frequency of natural disasters such as hurricanes, droughts, floods - these are just some of the consequences of global warming. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are thought to be the main cause of global warming, and these emissions are of anthropogenic origin. Therefore, it becomes necessary to use all existing spatial planning instruments in order to reduce the emission of these gases, but it is even more important to adapt to climate change at the local level, in order to reduce disturbances and negative effects on people, the environment and the efficiency of economic activities. The risks posed by climate change are highly geographically determined. Serbia is a country with a high regional diversity of the environment, so the types and extent of threats related to climate change vary depending on the location, regional climatic conditions and the size and spatial structure of cities, which requires a geographically differentiated and coordinated approach to spatial planning. The fight against climate change is based on two complementary approaches. One is the process of mitigation or mitigation, and the other is adaptation to changed climatic conditions. The mitigation process is usually considered to be global and long-term climate protection measures, while the adaptation process involves measures and activities that need to be carried out taking into account already changed conditions and projections of future changes. Spatial planning measures and instruments play an important role in both approaches.