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October 2, 2025Open Access

Association between the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index and mortality in elderly patients with dysphagia requiring nutritional support

Key Points

Ln-CALLY is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality in elderly patients requiring nutritional support.
Analysis showed that a higher Ln-CALLY value was associated with increased mortality risk among 253 enrolled elderly dysphagia patients.
The study utilized Kaplan-Meier analysis for outcome evaluation and Cox regression for risk assessment in dysphagic individuals.
The findings highlight the CALLY index's potential for assessing mortality risk in older patients with dysphagia.

Abstract

Background While the novel C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index—integrating inflammatory, nutritional, and immune markers—has proven valuable for prognosis in various diseases, its utility in predicting outcomes for dysphagia patients is still unclear. Methods This retrospective cohort analysis utilized data sourced from the Dryad Digital Repository. The CALLY index (albumin × lymphocyte count/C-reactive protein × 104) was calculated. After logarithmic transformation (Ln-CALLY), the patients were divided into low Ln-CALLY group (≤ 2.21) and high Ln-CALLY group (2.21). All-cause mortality served as the primary endpoint. The association between Ln-CALLY and outcomes was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank testing and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. The dose-response relationship was evaluated by restricted cubic splines (RCS). Results This study enrolled 253 elderly dysphagia patients. Analysis revealed Ln-CALLY as a significant predictor of all-cause mortality. Conclusion The CALLY index shows promise as a predictor of mortality risk and long-term outcomes in older dysphagia patients.

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