Factors of Human Capital Development: Inter-Country Comparative Analysis

Human capital is a key factor of economic growth and inter-state competitiveness in the context of globalization, rapid technological progress, and digital economy. While analyzing various theoretical and methodological approaches to the concept of human capital as a category, the authors systematized the factors that affect its development in different countries to identify the cause-effect relationships and define the most effective improvement measures. The quantitative and qualitative methods involved correlation studies, comparative method, and economic analysis. Represented as graphs and tables, the comparative analysis demonstrated the dynamics of human capital across countries in terms of factors and country-specific conditions. Human capital development proved to depend on the level of investment in education, healthcare, social protection, and economic stability. Countries with high values of human capital demonstrated higher rates of economic growth, and resilience to economic crises, and global competitiveness. The dynamic analysis of human capital development in different countries was an attempt to explain some emerging trends in this sphere.