Prevention of War and Economic Crimes Under Martial Law in Ukraine

The objective of this study is to elucidate the challenges inherent in the prevention of military-economic crime under martial law in Ukraine. In the light of the study's findings, the authors proceed to analyse the measures to prevent military-economic crimes under martial law in Ukraine. This analysis enables the identification and detailed characterisation of three principal levels: general social, special criminological and individual preventive. In the context of studying the general social prevention of military-economic crime, it has been demonstrated that the formation of patriotism among servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations is unfeasible without the implementation of an appropriate set of state and social measures aimed at fostering the consciousness and behaviour of the individual in anticipation of their future role as a serviceman. These measures must be designed to cultivate a range of qualities, including civil, socio-psychological, moral, physical, military professional and volitional qualities, in order to ensure the fulfilment of both the constitutional duty of Ukrainian citizens to protect the Motherland and the effective execution of combat missions in any circumstances. Within the framework of special criminological prevention of military-economic crime, the study substantiates and proves the need to create mental health units at the level of divisions and brigades, which should be headed by psychiatrists and include mental health officers (licensed psychologists and/or social workers with specialised education who have at least one year of experience in relevant medical institutions). The article establishes that the main purpose of individual prevention of military-economic crime is a positive correction of a serviceman's personality aimed at changing his behaviour from anti-social to law-abiding, and therefore the main measures of individual prevention of military-economic crime in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations should be the following: identification of sources of negative influence that contribute to the commission of military economic criminal offences; examination of the personality of typical offenders; forecasting the individual behaviour of persons prone to commit military economic criminal offences; planning individual preventive measures for identified persons; implementation of appropriate corrective influence on the personality of a typical offender aimed at avoiding the commission of military economic criminal offences; control over the behaviour of typical offenders.