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Objectives The purpose of this study is to reveal the structural relationship among growth mindset, self-efficacy, and grit to increase self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance, and to verify the mediating effect of grit in the effect of growth mindset on self-efficacy. Methods The subjects of this study are 239 university students majoring in dance at Q Normal University in Hainan of China, and reliability, average differences, correlations, and regression analysis are conducted using the SPSS 25.0 program. And to find out the mediating effect of grit between the growth mindset and self-efficacy, simple regression analysis of grit according to the growth mindset is performed, simple regression analysis of self-efficacy according to the growth mindset, and multiple regression analysis of self-efficacy according to the growth mindset and grit is performed. Results There is a positive(+) correlation between the growth mindset, grit, and self-efficacy. The effect of intelligence change beliefs and personality change beliefs, which are sub-variables of the growth mindset, on self-efficacy explains 58% of the total variance of self-efficacy. As a result of analyzing the effect of grit on self-efficacy, grit explains 50% of the total variance of self-efficacy. Predictors of 'sub-variables of the growth mindset' and grit explain 68% of the total variance of self-efficacy. The effect of intelligence change beliefs and personality change beliefs, which are sub-variables of the growth mindset, on grit is analyzed, and the growth mindset explains 36% of the total variance of grit. There is a partial mediating effect by grit in influence of growth mindset on self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance. Conclusions In this study, it is confirmed that the growth mindset and grit is a causal variable that increases self-efficacy, and the grit partially mediates the positive effect of the growth mindset on self-efficacy. Therefore, in order to cultivate the self-efficacy of university students, it is necessary to promote the growth mindset and grit. On the other hand, each variable of social support and self-expression will affect the self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance. And so, it will be necessary to conduct a study on the self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance according to the variables of social support and self-expression in future studies.
Chen et al. (Sun,) studied this question.