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Low-frequency noise caused by structural vibration has a significant impact on the comfort of wheel loader drivers. To reduce the adverse effects of vibration noise on drivers and improve their comfort, this study proposes a low-noise structural optimization method based on an approximate model. To accurately obtain the vibration noise data of the wheel loader’s driver cab, a designed experiment was conducted to collect vibration and internal noise data under specific working conditions. The frequency response method and panel acoustic contribution analysis method were used to analyze the structural vibration characteristics and acoustic response characteristics of the driver cab, respectively. The panels that have a significant impact on the vibration noise of the driver cab were identified, and their thicknesses were defined as design variables to establish an optimization model. Meanwhile, a response surface method was used to construct an approximate model, and the NSGA-II algorithm (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II) was used to solve the optimization model and obtain the optimized driver cab structure. The results show that the maximum noise peak (117 Hz) of the loader cab was successfully reduced by 2.9 dB after optimization. This result demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Fan et al. (Sun,) studied this question.