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Abstract One of the most significant taxonomic groups of flowering plants, the Apiaceae family has thousands of species utilized in food production, flavoring, fragrance, medicine and industry. The primary goal of this study was to examine genomics and transcriptomic data available for this family and their use for the constitution of new varieties. Stress is an environmental factor genetically. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent over mean was observed for economical traits (85.5 and 34.7% for leaf yield, respectively), which indicated that the traits were highly heritable in nature; hence selection breeding is most effective. These markers are classified into various groups based on how the markers are used, RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers serve to identify and screen hybrids based on salinity and drought stress tolerance, while Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers are excellent for the assessment of stress tolerance. Such markers also play an important role in the QTL (quantitative trait loci) mapping of stress-related genes. Advantages such as rapidity, non-interference by the environment, and accuracy during selection have made marker-assisted selection the most reliable tool for identifying agronomically important traits. This review outlines the general characteristics of some important DNA markers and current information about how to use them in marker-assisted selection. Historical milestones in plant breeding for 10,000 years, farmers and breeders have been developing and improving crops.
Vishal J. Mistry (Mon,) studied this question.