Zoonoti̇k Hastaliklarla Mücadelede Tek Sağlik Yaklaşimi

"Infections that can be transmitted mutually between animals and humans are defined as zoonotic diseases. About 60% of human pathogens are zoonotic, and at least 70-80% are emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases. Additionally, approximately 90% of foodborne diseases are caused by zoonotic agents. On the other hand, antimicrobial resistance which occurs due to excessive and imprudent use of antimicrobials is seen as a global public health threat and described as a silent pandemic. The incidence of emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases has been increased by different factors including rapid growth of human populations, urbanization and demographic changing, increasing of international travel, globalization in the trade of animal and animal products, close interactions among wild and domestic animals and humans, changing of food and agriculture systems, antimicrobial resistance, and climate change etc. One health approach is seen as the most effective solution to control the effects of new zoonotic epidemics and pandemics, antimicrobial resistance and environmental problems on human, animal and environmental health, as well as international trade and economy. In this context, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the World Organization for Animal Health and the United Nations Environment Programme have defined One Health as “an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals and ecosystems.” It recognizes the health of humans, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the wider environment (including ecosystems) are closely linked and inter-dependent. These organizations have provided One Health joint action plan as an important guide. In parallel with international initiatives, improving cooperation, coordination and communication between relevant public institutions and non-governmental organizations within the frame of the One Health approach combating zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and new concerns arising from global climate change in our country is of great importance in terms of animal health, food safety and public health."