Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
This article discusses the detrimental effects of chromium metal, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), on human health and the environment. The review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of its negative implications. An analysis of relevant studies offers a comprehensive overview of how Cr(VI) exposure severely impacts human health and poses significant environmental risks. The review methodology involved identifying and selecting relevant sources from scientific journal databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using keywords like "Cr(VI)," "health risk," "environmental impact," and "chromium metal." These sources were selected and evaluated based on the quality of the journals, research methodologies, and findings. In terms of human health, exposure to Cr(VI) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality and exhibits significant carcinogenic potential. Additionally, Cr(VI) exposure can cause respiratory problems and skin irritation among industrial workers. Environmentally, the release of Cr(VI) into air, water, and soil threatens ecosystems. The impact of Cr(VI) pollution on water and soil is particularly concerning for water quality and plant growth. Furthermore, the emission of Cr(VI) into the atmosphere around industrial areas poses health risks to nearby communities. This article underscores the necessity of stricter monitoring and regulation of chromium-utilizing industries, alongside promoting safer and environmentally friendly alternatives. Implementing preventive and protective measures is crucial to mitigate the adverse effects of chromium metal on human health and the environment. Encouraging the use of safer alternatives and environmentally friendly production technologies is imperative to create a sustainable and healthy environment for all living beings.
Putra et al. (Sun,) studied this question.