Real-Time Pricing Model of Smart Grid Under Dual-Carbon Target Based on Social Welfare Maximisation

In the context of China's dual carbon goals and the new electricity reform, new energy has achieved a leap-forward development.However, the large-scale and high proportion of new energy connection and consumption pose new challenges to the power system.Regarding new energy power's randomness and intermittence, while traditional energy power's stable and controllability, it is important to make full use of the complementarity of the two types of electricity power.The aggregated power supplier,who provides both traditional energy power and new energy power, is considered in this paper.Imposing two-way penalties on traditional energy power, i.e., carbon governance costs on the supply side and guilt costs on the demand side, can promote the effective consumption of new energy power.A social welfare maximisation model for a smart grid system composed of an aggregated power supplier and multiple users is established, and a distributed RTP algorithm is designed too.Finally, a numerical simulation analysis is conducted.It is found that the price of new energy power is always lower and that new energy power is fully consumed, which effectively alleviates the energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by relying solely on traditional energy supply.