JAK/STAT Signalling Overdrive in Immune Regulation: A Trigger for Autoimmunity

The JAK/STAT signaling cascade is a comprehensively articulated intracellular signaling network and is well-known to be associated with multiple cellular events like apoptosis, cell proliferation and immune regulation.The pathway is necessary for inflammatory responses and its dysregulation leads to multiple diseases.Autoimmune disorders are a vast group of disorders illustrated by abnormal immune response in the host.The body, when subjected to harmful stimuli will trigger the innate immunity, which leads to inflammation and the activation of adaptive immunity.The stability amidst pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines has a fundamental function in autoimmune diseases.In general, autoimmune diseases result as a consequence of genetic susceptibility and various environmental factors.The cascade is primarily governed by the cytokines and instigates an innate and adaptive immune response, thus evoking immune and inflammatory responses.In the current investigation, we converse the involvement of JAK/STAT in immune mediated diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease and their inhibitors currently in use for these diseases.