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Abstract The growing concern regarding various environmentally hazardous pollutants has arisen due to their potential hazards to public health. Managing ecological concerns has become a pressing global priority. The utilisation of biochar in wastewater treatment to remove various hazardous substances impeded by its limited adsorption capacity, despite its low cost and good effectiveness. To enhance the efficiency of biochar in eliminating multiple pollutants, mixed methods have been used to change biochar and give it different physical and chemical properties; this results in distinctive adsorption outcomes, behaviours, and mechanisms. This study comprehensively analyses the efficient techniques, impacts, and mechanisms of modified biochar in eliminating hazardous substances, such as emerging contaminants, in the ecosystem. Modified biochar has enhanced efficacy in removing these substances, with removal processes mainly using adsorption and catalytic degradation pathways. Future endeavours should prioritise the development of uniform assessment standards for cost, efficacy, and environmental hazards while utilising emerging technologies to expand the potential uses of modified biochar to remove emerging contaminants.
Jeyaraj et al. (Fri,) studied this question.