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Background. The strength of metals greatly limits the possibility of obtaining products by plastic deformation. The electromagnetic nature of the processes of structure formation and plastic deformation provided the basis for the application of additional influence of the magnetic field. A fairly large volume of research material has been accumulated on the topic of additional influence of the magnetic field on ferro-, dia- and paramagnetic metals. The researches of recent years have an applied nature of studying the magnetoplasticity of technical alloys. Their generalization will make it possible to move from laboratory research to the development of equipment and technologies for combined pressure processing of metal products in a weak magnetic field. Objective. Generalization and analysis of the results of laboratory and theoretical studies of the additional application of the magnetic field in the processes of mechanical testing of metals and alloys.Methods. Literary review of materials of articles, monographs, dissertations. Results. Reasonable use of a magnetic field for plastic deformation of metals. The explanation of the mechanism of the influence of the magnetic field on the structural elements of metals based on the effect of magnetoplasticity has been made. The description of changes in the mechanical properties of metals and alloys under the additional influence of a magnetic field is given. Conclusions. The phenomenon of magnetoplasticity has been studied for a wide range of materials such as pure metals and their alloys, including industrial steels and alloys. Various types of positive effects of a magnetic field on the mechanical properties of metals have been established: a decrease in the yield strength and deformation resistance, an increase in strain, relaxation of internal stresses, and a decrease in dislocation density. There is also a reverse, negative effect of the influence of a magnetic field: increased rate of hardening, embrittlement, increased creep of metals. What will be the effect of a magnetic field on a specific metal cannot be guaranteed with high accuracy.
Dong et al. (Mon,) studied this question.