Understanding the Dynamics of Oil Price Shocks and Stock Market Volatility in Pakistan: A Non-Linear Approach during COVID-19

Purpose: This article examines the complex relationship between oil price shocks and stock market volatility in Pakistan during the COVID-19 outbreak. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used a Non-Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model to meticulously explore how oil price fluctuations, specifically supply and demand shocks, affect Pakistan's stock market. Monthly data sets from 2020 to 2022 were utilized for the analysis. Research Findings: The study's significant findings reveal that oil price shocks, except for a demand shock specific to the oil industry, have varying long- and short-term effects on stock market volatility, leading to asymmetry. This asymmetrical impact of oil supply and demand shocks on stock market volatility is confirmed, with no asymmetry observed from oil-specific demand shocks in the short term. These findings hold crucial implications for policymakers and investors in understanding and managing the economic dynamics of Pakistan post-COVID-19. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This research stands out for its originality in understanding Pakistan's economic dynamics post-COVID-19. It provides unique insights for policymakers and investors to navigate future uncertainties related to oil price changes and market volatility, thereby sparking new avenues of thought and action in the field. Implications/Originality/Value: The practical implications of this study's findings empower policymakers and investors to make informed decisions to stabilize Pakistan’s economy after the pandemic. Specifically, the research provides guidance on managing the behaviour of stakeholders and banks in response to oil shocks, thereby contributing to the economic resilience of the country.