Watch your words! How Language Influences Moral Judgment, Dehumanisation and Prosociality Toward Refugees

Abstract In this study, the influence of language on moral judgment, dehumanisation, and prosociality toward refugees was investigated. Specifically, the effects of specific word choices in media discourse on moral mechanisms (moral trait evaluations and empathy) and, subsequently, dehumanisation and prosocial behaviour toward refugees in the UK were examined. In three empirical studies, news headlines were manipulated to vary terms describing refugees (e.g., "refugee crisis" vs. "situation of refugees," "illegal migrants" vs. "displaced migrants"). The responses of participants in terms of moral trait evaluations, empathy, dehumanisation, and prosocial behaviours were measured. It was revealed by the findings that more humanising language positively influences moral trait evaluations and empathy, leading to decreased dehumanisation and increased prosociality towards refugees. Significant implications for media representation, public discourse, and policy formulation regarding refugees are suggested by the study. The demonstrated impact of language on social attitudes suggests a shift towards more empathetic and humanizing language, which could facilitate more informed and compassionate public understanding and policy-making for refugees. This is seen as crucial for enhancing integration and reducing discrimination against displaced individuals.