Effect of Credit Financing on the Supply Chain for Imperfect Deteriorating Items with Carbon Emission

The sustainable inventory model is a framework designed to ensure manufacturing processes' sustainability while maintaining profitability. During manufacturing, some items may experience degradation, resulting in imperfect goods. Nevertheless, a screening process is implemented to eliminate such items before they reach the consumers. Therefore, it is critical to scrutinize items prone to deterioration thoroughly. Suppliers prioritize trade credit in payments when supplying retailers, necessitating the development of an inventory model that caters to the needs of retailers dealing with imperfect and deteriorating quality items while considering carbon emissions and trade credit as a payment. The study presents numerical illustrations and sensitivity analysis for a better understanding of the model.