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In response to two major global crises, Agriculture 4.0 proposes the use of the same land both for energy production and plant culture. The wavelength-selective greenhouse could be a promising agrivoltaic system if it can provide an optimal balance between the microclimate suitable for plants and increasing energy production, an ambitious future goal being an energy independent and combined fully automated arboretum. The dye-sensitized solar cell has recently been proposed as an ideal candidate due to its easy adaptation to the conditions imposed by the optimal operation of greenhouses. Using laboratory-sized yellow and green dye-sensitized solar cells, the photovoltaic tiles, as the main part of a wavelength-selective greenhouse, were constructed and tested under outdoor conditions on a hot summer day. The values of the temperature coefficient for the maximum power (γ), namely −0.003%/°C for the Si tile, −0.0017%/°C for the yellow tile, and −0.0004%/°C for the green tile have highlighted that the thermal stability of the green and yellow tiles is clearly higher than that of the Si tile. Furthermore, it was experimentally demonstrated that the DSSC based on DN-F15 green dye decreases in temperature by approximately 3 °C compared to the ambient temperature. Thus, in addition to the basic function of energy production, the photovoltaic tile based on green DSSCs is proposed as a smart solution to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse, a small step in the development of a strategy for adapting agriculture to advancing climate change. Therefore, the photovoltaic tile concept based on yellow and green DSSCs has been experimentally validated both from the energy production and greenhouse microclimate perspectives.
Bularka et al. (Tue,) studied this question.