Metabolic Effects of Ajwa Date Extract against Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Male Rats

This study elaborates on the chemical composition of Ajwa date extract and investigates its different doses against gentamicin (GM)-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in an animal model. GM-administered rats presented various abnormalities in the kidneys and liver. The major hazards included significantly alleviated antioxidant enzyme activities including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). However, oral administrations of alcoholic Ajwa date extracts (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/ kg body weight) to GM-injected rats significantly attenuated malondialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol, creatinine, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and urea in the serum. Contrarily, the results demonstrated a significant rise in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) serum levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in the liver. The Ajwa date extract also significantly enhanced antioxidant and liver enzyme activities. The blood glucose levels did not significantly vary in all treatments. The chemical analysis revealed the presence of glucose, polyphenols, copper, flavonoids, potassium, fructose, chromium, phosphorus, and Zinc in Ajwa dates. A significant improvement in studied parameters was noted after Ajwa date extract administrations. The study concludes that significant antioxidant activities of Ajwa date extract facilitate the reversal of GM-related abnormalities in serum oxidative biomarkers, kidneys, and liver. Thus, the positive outcomes could be attributed to the flavonoids and polyphenols-based antioxidant activities.