What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to address the limitations of the traditional CLEAN method in hard X-ray imaging by introducing a multiscale version.

January 18, 2026

CLEAN and multiscale CLEAN for STIX in Solar Orbiter

Key Points

This study aims to address the limitations of the traditional CLEAN method in hard X-ray imaging by introducing a multiscale version.
Applied the multiscale CLEAN deconvolution approach to synthetic STIX data.
Compared the performance of traditional CLEAN and multiscale CLEAN in image reconstruction.
Evaluated reconstruction effectiveness in scenarios with complex emission morphologies.
Multiscale CLEAN demonstrates improved performance over traditional CLEAN in synthetic scenarios.
Reduces user dependence on convolution kernel width.
Effectively reconstructs complex emission patterns from simulated observational data.

Abstract

CLEAN is a well-established deconvolution approach to Fourier imaging at radio wavelengths and hard X-ray energies. One of the main limitations of CLEAN for hard X-ray imaging is that it requires a final convolution step by means of a convolution kernel whose width is strongly user dependent, and moreover, under-resolution effects are often introduced. This paper describes a multiscale version of CLEAN that is specifically tailored to the reconstruction of images from measurements observed by the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on board Solar Orbiter. Using synthetic STIX data, this study shows that multiscale CLEAN might represent a reliable solution to the two CLEAN limitations described above. Further, we show the performances of CLEAN and its multiscale release in reconstructing experimental real scenarios characterized by complex emission morphologies.

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CLEAN and multiscale CLEAN for STIX in Solar Orbiter

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Abstract

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