What question did this study set out to answer?

To demonstrate real-time detection of crustal instability prior to the M4.9 earthquake in Indio, California.

February 11, 20260 citationsOpen Access

CSD-V3: Real-Time Instability Detection of the 2026 Indio, California Earthquake Sequence

Key Points

To demonstrate real-time detection of crustal instability prior to the M4.9 earthquake in Indio, California.
Utilized ambient seismic noise for detection
Recorded ALERT spikes preceding the earthquake
Monitored aftershock activity following the initial rupture
First known real-time detection using ambient noise before an earthquake
Multiple ALERT spikes identified hours prior to the M4.9 earthquake
Continuous tracking of aftershocks during M4.3 event on Jan 21

Abstract

This document captures the first known real-time detection of crustal instability using Θ(t) before the Jan 19, 2026 M4.9 earthquake near Indio, California.No active sensors, no foreshocks, no input feeds were used—only ambient seismic noise. Multiple “ALERT” spikes were recorded hours before rupture.The signal continued to track aftershock activity on Jan 21 during the M4.3 event.This marks a transition from blind backtests (Tōhoku 2011) to operational, live-fire proof in the U.S.System is fully standalone. Open for validation and collaboration.

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