In the development of civilization, it is desirable for energy costs per unit to decrease at a rate less than inversely proportional to energy consumption from the perspective of economic rationality. During the 19th century, energy costs per unit fell more than energy consumption increased, allowing civilization to maximize its potential without worrying about the cost burden of energy. In contrast, the 20th century saw energy costs rise after the 1973 oil crisis, forcing civilization to develop while enduring the burden of energy costs. If low energy cost per unit below 1 cent/kWh can be achieved, 21st-century civilization will once again unleash its inherent potential. Consequently, global problems including food starvation will be resolved. Examining the relationship between energy and cost in civilization development, being’s profit maximization hypothesis emerged. From this hypothesis, civilization can be treated as a living being, which behaves to realize a prosperous society. Energy consumption and costs become key indicators for civilization’s profit.
Shin'ya Fukuta (Sat,) studied this question.