What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to compare the risk of severe infection in multiple sclerosis patients treated with diroximel fumarate versus anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies.

February 21, 2026Open Access

Comparative Effectiveness and Risk of Severe Infection in Adult Patients With MS Treated With Diroximel Fumarate Versus Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies: A Real-World Claims Analysis

Key Points

This research aims to compare the risk of severe infection in multiple sclerosis patients treated with diroximel fumarate versus anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies.
Conducted a real-world claims analysis of adult multiple sclerosis patients
Compared outcomes between diroximel fumarate and anti-CD20 treatments
Analyzed risk of severe infection and annualized relapse rate
DRF-treated patients showed a significantly lower risk of severe infection compared to anti-CD20 treated patients
No difference was observed in the annualized relapse rate between the two treatments

Abstract

DRF-treated patients with MS had a significantly lower risk of SI compared with anti-CD20-treated patients, with no difference in ARR. More real-world studies are needed to understand the efficacy and safety of DMTs in the setting of de-escalation in aging patients with MS.

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