Ventricular activation time minimum (VATmin) decreased and ventricular activation duration (VATdur) and VATdur/QRSdur ratio increased significantly with age in healthy volunteers aged 9-20 years, with no significant differences in VATmax; sex differences in VAT variability emerged during adolescence and young adulthood.
Observational (n=178)
Yes
Does body surface potential mapping reveal physiological variability in ventricular activation time maps according to sex and age in healthy young individuals?
Ventricular activation time isochrone maps exhibit age- and sex-dependent physiological variability in healthy young individuals, providing a baseline to differentiate normal patterns from pathology.
Abstract Background Ventricular activation time (VAT) based on intrinsicoid deflection is an electrocardiographic parameter that measures the time from the start of the QRS complex to the peak of the R wave. Objectives Analysis of body surface isochrone VAT maps as an extension of VAT in single leads in a healthy young population from the point of view of physiological variability according to sex and age. Methods VAT maps were registered and analysed in 178 healthy volunteers using the mapping system ProCardio. Results Statistically significant differences were found in the activation begin, arithmetic and quadratic mean, median decreasing with age, while its duration and standard deviation increased with age. Mean VAT maps showed that activation typically begins in the upper right chest and ends in the upper back, with a predominantly counter-clockwise spread. There were no significant differences in mean map patterns. This also concerns the map areas corresponding to the minimum and maximum activation times, as well as the no-R wave areas. All of them were located outside the positions of standard chest electrodes. Conclusions The use of VAT isochrone maps can help identify the location of the beginning and end of ventricular activation, the activation sequence on the chest surface, and different values of selected quantitative parameters due to age and sex to differentiate between pathology and physiological variability.
Kozlíková et al. (Tue,) conducted a observational in Healthy volunteers (normal cardiovascular status) (n=178). Body surface potential mapping of ventricular activation time (VAT) was evaluated on Ventricular Activation Time (VAT) parameters measured by body surface mapping, including VATmin (start of activation), VATmax (end of activation), VATdur (duration), VATmean, VATmedian, VATSD (standard deviation), VATRMS (root mean square), and their variation by age and sex. Ventricular activation time minimum (VATmin) decreased and ventricular activation duration (VATdur) and VATdur/QRSdur ratio increased significantly with age in healthy volunteers aged 9-20 years, with no significant differences in VATmax; sex differences in VAT variability emerged during adolescence and young adulthood.