Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of autologous free parietal periosteum combined with cranial vault bone autografts for alveolar ridge reconstruction in patients with ectodermal dysplasia. Materials and Methods. Prospective single-center study; 17 patients aged 17—40 years. Two groups were formed by membrane type: autologous free periosteum (n=6) and collagen membrane (n=11). Bone augmentation was performed with fixation of parietal bone autografts; the spaces between blocks were filled with a mixture of autogenous bone chips and xenograft (70:30). Changes in bone volume were calculated relative to the total volume of the maxilla and mandible using manual slice-by-slice segmentation of MSCT scans with MPR correction (Amira 5.4.5) preoperatively, at 2—3 days, and at 6 months. Graft resorption was assessed at 6 months. Dental implant stability was measured immediately after placement and at 6 months. Statistical processing was performed in IBM SPSS. Results. Both groups demonstrated an increase in bone volume that persisted at 6 months; no between-group differences in volume were found. Graft resorption was lower with autologous free periosteum than with a collagen membrane: maxilla 18.48±1.27% vs 23.56±4.83% (p=0.025); mandible 26.22±1.74% vs 38.68±4.68% (p<0.001). Six-month implant stability was higher in the periosteum group (ISQ 86.83±2.04 vs 82.45±1.69; p<0.001). No complications of bone grafting or dental implantation were recorded. Conclusion. Using autologous free parietal periosteum as a barrier membrane in cranial vault autograft reconstruction provides better graft volume preservation, lower resorption, and higher dental implant stability compared with a collagen membrane.
Ponomarev et al. (Thu,) studied this question.