Potato is a very popular food that is consumed all over the world. Climatic conditions, genotype, and cultivation technology determine quality production. The aim of the study was to determine the quality and content of phenolic acids in different potato varieties grown over three years in conditions western Serbia. The research material included three potato varieties of different maturity periods: Esmee (red skin, early), Arizona (white skin, middle early) and Kuroda (red skin, middle late). The analysis of variance showed a significant effect (p<0.01) of the year (Y), genotype (G) and interaction Y×G on dry matter content and starch content in tubers. On a three-year average, the highest DMC in tubers (21.90%) was recorded in the mid-late variety Kuroda, followed by the middle-early variety Arizona (20.83%), while the lowest DMC in tubers (17.68 %) was determined in the early variety Esmee. In all tested varieties, significantly higher starch content in tubers was recorded in 2020, compared to the other two years, which is the result of a more favorable distribution of precipitation during 2020, compared to the other two years. The concentration of individual phenolic acids (chlorogenic, p-coumaric, caffeic, trans-cinnamic, and trans-ferulic) varied and depended on ecological conditions and variety genotype: chlorogenic acid (36.09 µg/g FW), p-coumaric acid (30.47 µg/g FW), caffeic acid (28.09 µg/g FW), trans-cinnamic acid (12.81 µg/g FW) and trans-ferulic acid (2.60 µg/g FW). The presence of gallic acid in the tuber core of the tested varieties in all three years of the study was not recorded. Year and genotype significantly influence the quality and content of biologically active substances (phenolic acids) in the flesh of potato tubers.
Zoronjić et al. (Thu,) studied this question.