Background/Objectives: Interproximal reduction (IPR), also known as dental stripping, is a commonly used orthodontic technique to gain space, avoid extractions, and correct tooth size discrepancies, particularly in contemporary orthodontics and clear aligner therapy. The aim of this systematic review was to update the evidence from the last 10 years regarding the dental and periodontal effects associated with IPR. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted including studies published between January 2015 and July 2025. Searches were performed in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Primary studies reporting dental and/or periodontal outcomes related to IPR were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed following PRISMA guidelines. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising in vitro and in vivo designs. The available evidence indicates that IPR is associated with transient changes in enamel surface roughness and minimal increases in pulp temperature, which remains below critical thresholds when appropriate techniques and cooling measures are used. No consistent evidence of increased caries risk, periodontal deterioration, or tooth sensitivity was reported. Surface polishing and fluoride application were frequently associated with more favorable outcomes. Conclusions: Based on the available evidence from the last decade, IPR appears to be a clinically safe orthodontic procedure when performed with proper technique, adequate case selection, and appropriate finishing protocols. However, heterogeneity among study designs highlights the need for further well-designed clinical studies to strengthen the evidence base.
Espinosa et al. (Sun,) studied this question.