Both cigarette and e-cigarette use were associated with worse periodontal health compared to non-smokers. The elevated odds for e-cigarette users, although accompanied by wide confidence intervals, indicate a potential harmful effect that warrants cautious interpretation. Dental professionals should recognize all forms of tobacco use, including e-cigarettes, as potential risk factors for periodontal disease and emphasize preventive care.
Aljoghaiman et al. (Sat,) studied this question.