Exploration of the preparation of N-doped biochar under the synergistic effect of urea and KOH from kinetic and thermodynamic perspectives

Key Points

• N-doped biochar preparation benefits from the synergistic effect of urea and KOH, improving its properties.
• Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses reveal significant effects on biochar preparation through optimized conditions.
• Evaluation of temperature and reaction time indicates the importance of these parameters in the biochar synthesis process.
• This work may enable better biomass conversion methods, leading to efficient carbon capture technologies.