Paper examines temporal trends in household consumption of transport, recreation, and cultural services across European Union countries from 1988 to 2020 using the Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) framework. Analyzing expenditure data from 34 countries, the research investigates how consumption patterns have evolved and what they reveal about changing consumer priorities. The results show significant positive correlations between spending on transport services and recreation/cultural activities, suggesting these categories are closely linked in household budgets. Expenditures on recreation services were also associated with transport insurance spending, likely to reflect travel-related behaviors. A generalized linear model further revealed that transport-related expenditures significantly influence recreation and cultural service spending, although with varying effects across transport modes. Rail and sea transport showed positive relationships with recreational spending, whereas road transport had a negative association. The findings highlight the increasingly intertwined nature of mobility, leisure, and cultural consumption in European households during the study period. They also suggest potential trade-offs in household expenditure decisions, with higher transport spending linked to increased recreation and culture expenditures.
Madudová et al. (Thu,) studied this question.