Preparation, characterization and protective effect of pectin/alginate nanoparticles loaded with propolis extract against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity

Key Points

• Propolis-loaded nanoparticles significantly reduce doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity, improving overall testicular health.
• Key evidence shows a protective effect, with a notable reduction in the toxicity metrics among the treated groups.
• Nanoparticle formulation used a combination of pectin and alginate to encapsulate propolis, enhancing its bioactivity against cellular damage.
• These findings highlight the potential of this novel formulation for therapeutic applications, warranting further study to confirm efficacy.