Why conventional velocity rules break down: Geological and petrophysical controls on sonic response in Permian–Triassic carbonate reservoirs, southern Iran

Key Points

• Sonic response in carbonate reservoirs is influenced by both geological and petrophysical properties, revealing complex interactions.
• Key evidence shows substantial variability in sonic response based on geological formations and composition of the carbonate reservoirs.
• Observational analysis of silica, dolomite, and permeability variations demonstrates that conventional velocity rules may not apply universally.
• Findings highlight the need for tailored assessment strategies when evaluating sonic response in diverse carbonate formations.