Experimental investigation on the interface mechanical behavior between waterproof membrane and substrate in composite tunnel lining

Key Points

• The interface mechanical behavior between waterproof membranes and substrates affects structural integrity.
• Observed variations in stress distribution across 10 tested interface samples highlight critical design factors.
• Experimental investigation assessed composites using synthetic waterproof membranes and various substrates.
• Findings may enable improved designs of tunnel linings for increased durability and reliability.