Widening effect of SICM topography measurement based on electrolyte concentration gradient with dual-barrel pipette

Key Points

• Topography measurements demonstrate a widening effect influenced by electrolyte concentration gradients, enhancing accuracy.
• Key evidence highlights a significant increase in measurement precision with dual-barrel pipettes under varying electrolyte conditions.
• SICM measurements were performed using a dual-barrel pipette to assess effects on topography related to electrolyte gradients.
• This approach may enable more detailed surface characterization; further studies are needed to generalize the findings.