Fatal Ultra-Early-Onset Rhino-Cerebral Mucormycosis Caused by Rhizomucor miehei Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation and Review of Published Literature

Key Points

• Fatal mucormycosis cases arose within days post umbilical cord blood transplantation, indicating rapid onset risk.
• Patients exhibited severe immune response failures, compounded by infections from rhizomucor miehei.
• The analysis compiled insights from existing literature, highlighting pathogenic mechanisms and outcomes in affected individuals.
• This review emphasizes the urgent need for early detection strategies in vulnerable transplant patients.