Extended multiscale multi-patch isogeometric analysis for two-dimensional periodic piezoelectric structures based on penalty function method

Key Points

• Improved performance of two-dimensional periodic piezoelectric structures is reported through an innovative analytical approach.
• The analysis reveals a significant reduction in errors related to structural deformation and electric field response.
• Employing multiscale analysis with a penalty function method allows for accurate simulation of complex piezoelectric behaviors.
• The findings may enable better engineering of piezoelectric devices, though external validation across real-world applications is needed.