The article considers the role of spatial organization of the genome in establishing communication between enhancers and promoters. Particular attention is paid to the genome-wide analysis of spatial contacts between enhancers and promoters and the identification of proteins involved in maintaining these contacts. The role of extrusion of chromatin loops by cohesin complexes in the movement of enhancers to target promoters is considered separately. The final part of the article analyzes problems that need to be solved. In particular, the question is considered of how close to the promoter in the physical space of the cell nucleus the enhancer should be to establish communication between these regulatory elements.
S. V. Razin (Wed,) studied this question.