Embolization of high-flow arteriovenous malformations against adenosine-induced cardioplegia with non-adhesive embolizing agents.

Key Points

• To explore the effectiveness of adenosine-induced cardioplegia for embolizing high-flow arteriovenous malformations.
• Performed controlled embolization using non-adhesive agents during cardioplegia.
• Utilized adenosine triphosphate to induce cardioplegia without special skills.
• Focused on high-flow arteriovenous malformations requiring no additional devices.
• Successful controlled embolization of high-flow arteriovenous malformations observed.
• No need for various-viscosity embolizates to disconnect high-flow shunts confirmed.
• Procedure demonstrated safety and repeatability.