This policy brief summarizes SafeCREW outcomes on disinfection and disinfection by-products, recommending precautionary attention on emerging DBPs and new treatment and risk assessment approaches to guide drinking water management amid climate change. SafeCREW outcomes Novel DBP are identified that deserve precautionary attention Haloacetonitriles form quickly, are unstable and may pose health risk Effect-based assays reveal potential toxicities from DBP and materials Optimized treatment reduces DBP formation Improved online monitoring enables early warning of elevated DBP levels Modelling of DBP formation enables proactive management AI-based soft sensors will form foundation for advanced early warning systems A new risk assessment approach combines chemical, microbial and toxicity data
Nihemaiti et al. (Sun,) studied this question.