Harpin Ea protein confers top rot resistance in Rosa roxburghii Tratt. through synergistic activation of structural defenses and the phenylpropanoid–flavonoid pathway

Key Points

• The research aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which Harpin Ea protein confers disease resistance in Rosa roxburghii.
• Investigated the role of Harpin Ea in enhancing physical barriers against pathogens.
• Analyzed the activation of phenylpropanoid-flavonoid metabolic pathways.
• Examined structural defenses in R. roxburghii post Harpin Ea treatment.
• Harpin Ea significantly increased physical barriers to pathogens.
• Activation of phenylpropanoid-flavonoid pathways was observed after treatment.
• Elicitor application showed a clear molecular basis for improved disease resistance.