This record contains the original Japanese version of the paper and an English reference translation. This paper presents the Survival-Breakdown Model (SBM) as an integrated foundational theory of economic agency. It argues that economic agents should be theorized not primarily from optimization, but from the prior conditions of constitution, survival, basic feasibility, and continuation. The paper formalizes this perspective through five steps: the distinction between survival and breakdown, the introduction of catastrophic shocks and resource decomposition, the definition of basic feasibility slack and feasible action sets, the dynamic structure of continuation balance, and the distinction among constitutive, stabilization, and choice goods. It also offers a minimal formal contrast with standard utility theory and argues that the core difference lies in theoretical order rather than representability. The sequence proposed here is: constitutive conditions, survivability, basic feasibility, continuation, and then optimization. The Japanese version is the authoritative original for interpretation. The English version is provided for reference only as supplementary material accompanying the original Japanese paper. Version 2 revises formatting and clarifies the status of the English reference translation.
Toyoharu Higuchi (Sat,) studied this question.