Emerging Technologies and Translational Applications of Patient-Derived Intestinal Organoids

Organoids are self-organizing, three-dimensional structures derived from stem cells that recapitulate the cellular composition, architecture, and functional properties of human organs.Among them, intestinal organoids retain patient-specific genetic and epigenetic characteristics, making them powerful tools for modeling chronic intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.Recently, they have been widely utilized to investigate differentiation of intestinal epithelium, host-microbe interactions, and the mechanisms of intestinal infection.Technological advances such as co-culture systems incorporating immune cells and stromal cells have substantially increased their physiological relevance.Notably, patient-derived intestinal organoids enable the preclinical assessment of individual responses to biologics and immunosuppressants, highlighting their translational potential in both precision medicine and regenerative therapies.This mini review summarizes recent advancements in intestinal organoids technology and explores their clinical applications in the context of personalized and regenerative medicine.