Harassment while using public transportation is an unpleasant but common occurrence for women who use public transport as their means of mobility. Despite the prevalence of harassment, the issue has not received sufficient attention in transportation planning and policy. In this research, we synthesize the existing literature on women’s harassment in public transportation, analyze key factors contributing to harassment, and propose policy recommendations to improve the current situation. This study also highlights how harassment remains a persistent issue in modern society, despite growing calls for equality and inclusivity. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing this challenge to support sustainable development and create safer, more equitable environments for all. Such factors as insufficient lighting, overcrowded transit, poorly organized bus stops, and difficulties during boarding and alighting are identified as significant contributors to harassment. Furthermore, the study highlights that victims often feel unsafe reporting incidents, owing to a lack of trust in authorities and social stigma. Fear of harassment negatively affects women’s mental, social, and personal well-being, limiting their mobility and participation in society. The paper concludes with the proposal of a 6Rs policy framework aimed at ensuring safe, secure, and efficient transportation for women, contributing to sustainable societal development.
Miti et al. (Tue,) studied this question.