What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to explore the kidney function and histopathological patterns in Sudanese children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome.

March 28, 2026Open Access

Wcn26-1977 Histopathological Pattern of Steriod Resistance Nephrotic Syndrome in Sudanese Children

Key Points

This research aims to explore the kidney function and histopathological patterns in Sudanese children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome.
Enrolled twenty participants, including 11 with C/AAS and 9 controls.
Compared kidney functions, routine blood tests, and urine protein excretion.
Measured parameters included eGFR, urine creatinine levels, and protein supplements.
Higher urine protein excretion in C/AAS group (119 mg/day vs 89 mg/day, P=0.05).
Slightly lower eGFR in C/AAS group (112.5 vs 122.6, P=0.1).
No significant difference in 24-hour urine creatinine between groups (126 mg/dl vs 129 mg/dl, P=0.9).

Abstract

and last consumed AAS less than a week ago.We compared baseline kidney functions including urine protein and routine blood tests.Results: Twenty participants were enrolled, 9 controls and 11 who consumed C/AAS.In the C/AAS group all took creatinine supplementation seven times weekly in the form of creatinine monohydrate and protein supplementation in the form of whey protein.All participants in C/AAS group used testosterone intramuscularly, and some also added masteron, nandrolone, boldenone, metenolone, clenbuterole or proviron.The mean age was 30.6 years (SD 4.2) and mean BMI 29.8 kg/m2 (4.1).Mean training duration was 11.1 (7.9) years with an average of 6.3 (3.0) hours of training per week.There was no difference in the demographic profile except for hours of training per week which was higher in the C/AAS group (7.5 vs 4.9, P=0.05).In blood tests the C/ AAS group, compared to controls, had a higher haemoglobin (16.4 g/dl vs 15.7), SGPT (45 vs 25) and SGOT (40 vs 19) and a lower albumin (4.5 g/L vs 4.7) P<0.05inclusive.The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) adjusted for body surface area was slightly lower in the C/AAS group, however this did not reach statistical significant (112.5 vs 122.6, P=0.1).Despite taking creatinine and protein supplements, the 24hour urine creatinine was similar between the control and C/AAS group (126 mg/dl vs 129, P=0.9).Similar to the eGFR, the 24 hour creatinine clearance was lower in the C/AAS group, but not statistically significant (126.4 vs 144, P=0.1).Urine protein excretion was also higher in the 24 hour collection in the C/AAS group compared to controls (119 mg/day vs 89, P=0.05). Conclusion:The C/AAS achieved more training hours per week.However, there is a trend towards a lower eGFR, lower creatinine clearance and a higher urine protein.While only a pilot study, these findings are concerning and support a larger study.I have no potential conflict of interest to disclose.I did not use generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.

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