What question did this study set out to answer?

This report aims to identify H. pylori as a possible cause of fever in children returning from endemic regions.

April 4, 2026

A Febrile Mystery: Atypical Helicobacter pylori in a Child Returning From an Endemic Region

MEMario EscobarUniversidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil LDLaura DattnerSUNY Downstate Health Sciences University ALA J LevineSUNY Downstate Health Sciences University

Key Points

This report aims to identify H. pylori as a possible cause of fever in children returning from endemic regions.
Case report of a pediatric patient with fever of unknown origin.
Evaluation included clinical assessment and comprehensive testing for infectious causes.
H. pylori testing was performed to determine the causative agent.
H. pylori was identified as the underlying cause of the child's fever.
The patient exhibited symptoms such as anorexia, weight loss, and anemia.
The case emphasizes the necessity of considering H. pylori in children with FUO, especially post-travel.

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterial infection with a high prevalence in resource-limited regions. H. pylori infection in children presents with nonspecific and variable clinical features, making diagnosis challenging. We describe a pediatric patient who presented with fever of unknown origin (FUO), anorexia, weight loss, and anemia. Despite an extensive evaluation, the etiology remained unknown until H. pylori testing. This case underscores the importance of including H. pylori in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with FUO, particularly those with recent travel to endemic areas, where exposure to more pathogenic strains may result in significant disease.

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