What question did this study set out to answer?

To explore how Boltzmann's formula can be applied to natural language through four distinct semantic microstates.

April 5, 2026Open Access

Four Types of Semantic Microstates: A Unified Boltzmann Framework for Lexical Compression

Key Points

To explore how Boltzmann's formula can be applied to natural language through four distinct semantic microstates.
Defined four types of microstates: expressive, semantic, ambiguity, synonymy.
Analyzed 100 concepts using WordNet.
Assessed statistical independence of microstates with pairwise correlations.
All pairwise correlations between microstates were below 0.06, indicating independence.
Initial correlation with taxonomic relations was found to be structurally inflated.
Conducted a Wikipedia proxy test that yielded an honest negative result.

Abstract

This repository contains the paper, analysis scripts, and data demonstrating that Boltzmann's formula S = k ln(W) applies to natural language at four orthogonal levels. Using WordNet on 100 concepts, four types of W (expressive, semantic, ambiguity, synonymy) are defined and shown to be statistically independent (all pairwise ρ < 0.06). An initial correlation with taxonomic relations was identified as structurally inflated; an independent Wikipedia proxy test is reported as an honest negative result.

Four Types of Semantic Microstates: A Unified Boltzmann Framework for Lexical Compression

Key Points

Abstract

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