CAFE 5 models variation in evolutionary rates among gene families

Abstract Motivation Genome sequencing projects have revealed frequent gains and losses of genes between species. Previous versions of our software, Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution (CAFE), have allowed researchers to estimate parameters of gene gain and loss across a phylogenetic tree. However, the underlying model assumed that all gene families had the same rate of evolution, despite evidence suggesting a large amount of variation in rates among families. Results Here, we present CAFE 5, a completely re-written software package with numerous performance and user-interface enhancements over previous versions. These include improved support for multithreading, the explicit modeling of rate variation among families using gamma-distributed rate categories, and command-line arguments that preclude the use of accessory scripts. Availability and implementation CAFE 5 source code, documentation, test data and a detailed manual with examples are freely available at https://github.com/hahnlab/CAFE5/releases. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.