Workshop findings indicate that NATO medical doctrine must adapt to assume delayed evacuation, contested operating environments, and degraded logistics as baseline conditions in LSCO. Priorities include treating blood availability as an operational enabler, supporting forward damage control capabilities, improving interoperability and training across echelons of care, and accommodating forward surgical, robotic, and unmanned evacuation solutions. Continued collaboration with Ukrainian medical professionals remains essential to validating and integrating these lessons into alliance doctrine, ensuring greater resilience and survivability.
Gerard et al. (Wed,) studied this question.