Whatever happened to psychology as the science of behavior?

Research on lower organisms by H. S. Jen- nings and Jacques Loeb, together with a positivistic ap- proach to a philosophy of science, contributed to early efforts to explain behavior as a subject matter in its own right rather than as the effect of internal processes, mental or neural. The experimental analysis of behavior was an example of such a program. Psychology has remained, however, primarily a search for internal determiners. Three obstacles in its path as a science of behavior-- humanistic psychology, the helping professions, and cog- nitive psychology--seem to explain why. Some of their unfortunate effects upon psychology as a science and as the basis of a technology are reviewed.